Water-tube steam-generator with superheater.



J. DORNAN.

. WATER TUBE STEAM GENERATOR WITH SUPERHEATER.

APPLICATION FILED OCT-16,1916. 1,241,356. Patented Sept. 25, 1917.

3 SHEETS-SHEET llllll'lllr ii ii'il'i l. DORNAN.

WATER TUBE STEAM GENERATOR WITH SUPERHEATER.

APPLICATION FILED OCT-16,1916.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

Patented Sept. 25, 1917.

Jflar Izaiz J. DORNAN.

WATER TUBE STEAM GENERATOR WITH SUPERHEATER.

APPLICATION FILED OCT-16,1916- 1,241,356. PatentedSept. 25, 1917.

3 SHEETSSHEET 3.

JAMES DORNAN, SF DALMUIR, SCOTLAND.

WATER-TUBE STEAM-GENERATOR WITH SUPERHEATER.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Sept. 25, 1917.

Application filed October 16, 1916. Serial No. 125,956.

To all whom it may concern. I

Be it known that 1, JAMES DORNAN, a subject of the King of Great Britain and Ireland, residing at 6 Overtoun road, Dalmuir, Scotland, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Water-Tube Steam- Generatorswi-ttrSuperheaters, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to water-tube boilers or steam enerators with superheaters.

The type 0 boiler to which the invention is applicable is that in which four drums with horizontal, or nearly horizontal, axes are arranged in quadrilateral fashion, two of the drums being arranged at either side of the firegrate or combustion chamber, while the other two, which serve as steam and-water drums, are arranged vertically above, or nearly vertically above, the lower drums, and the upper drums being connected to the lower drums by water tubes.

The invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings and particularly defined in the annexed'claims.

Figure 1 is a section of the boiler on th line A A of Fig. 2.

Fig. 2. is a side elevation of the boiler with-the casing removed.

Fig. 3 is a section of the superheater (or main or primary superheater) on the line X X of Fig. 4.

Fig. 4 is a section of the superheater on the line Y Y of Fig. 3.

Fig. 5 is a detail vertical section, illustrating the dampers.

Fig. 6 is a section at right angle to Fig. 5, to more clearly illustrate the means for supporting the superheater.

a, b are the upper, and 0, (Z the lower drums of the boiler. The upper drum a is connected to the lower drum 0 by the bank of water tubes 6 and to the drum d by the bank of water tubes 9. The drum 1) is similarly connected to the drums d and 0 by the banks of water tubes f and h. The banks of tubes 9 and 11 thus cross each other in the center of the boiler. 70 is the fire grate, 1' the casing of the boiler, and s the uptake.

Thesuperheater n is arranged above the intersection of the banks of tubes 9, h and fits snugly into the angular space formed by these banks as shown in Fig. 1. The block or nest of limbs or coils of the superheater through which the steam is led to be superheated is arranged in the form of a prism of square, or approximately square, section, this prism being arranged with its axis and two of its longitudinal edges in the central longitudinal vertical plane of the steam generator. The two lower faces of the block of superheater limbs or coils are as shown in close proximity to the upper members of the two banks of water tubes g, 71., space only being allowed between the superheater and the generator tubes for sliding dampers.

The products of combustion rising from the combustion chamber above the fire grate pass upward and outward through the lower portions of the diagonal banks ofwater tubes and then upward and inward through the upper portions of the same banks of tubes, and are then directed through the superheater coils or'limbs, and eventually escape into the uptake 8.

Two pairs of dampers are provided for controlling the flow of the hot gases with regard to the main superheater. Of these one pair ;0, q are arranged to slide between the block of superheater coils and the adjacent portions of the banks of water tubes '9, it. When these dampers are in their upper positions, as shown in Fig. 1, the products of combustion can pass, as already mentioned; but, when the dampers are slid downward and inward parallel to the axes of the water tubes, they meet at the intersection of the two banks of water tubes and shut off the superheater block on the lower side. The products of combustion are then short-circuited above the upper ends of these dampers to the uptake.

From the dampers p and q, extend cables pg, which pass over guide pulleys'p -q suspended from the top of the boiler casing. The cables extend through the casing to be in convenient reach of the operatorto manipulate the dampers.

The second pair of dampers j, t are employed to close in the two upper sides. of the block of superheater coils.

When the superheater is in use, these latter dampers arearrangedas shown in Fig. l.vertically back to back above, and hinged about,

the upper edge of the superheater block, but, when it is desired to close in the superheater, they are swiveled down like the wings of a butterfly and close in the upper faces of the superheater block. The dampers 7' and t are hinged to a rod t", and are each provided with a cable ,t, passing overguide pulleys t the chains passing through the casing to be in convenient reach of the operator.

Although the banks of tubes e and 7 are shown in Fig. 1 v.as exactly vertical, a

directly vertical arrangement is not essential: the relative distances between upper drum and upper drum, and lower drum and lower 'drum, can be varied as desired. Moreover, although the boiler is shown in Fig. 1 as symmetrical, this is not necessarily so. The drums and the banks of tubes on one side of the boiler need not be of equal dimensions to those at the other side. The bankof tubes 9 need not be equal in number or length to the bank It, and the inter- .section of these two banks need not be or coils 7 7 extend from the upper header drawn to a larger scale. turned around 45? from its position in the boiler as shown in Fig. 1. y, z are the upper directly above the center of the firegrate. If the banks 9 and h 'makediiferent angles with the horizontal, the upper and lower edges of the superheater block will not be in a vertical plane, as the sides of the block will be respectively parallel to the two banks of water tubes.

Saturated steam is led to ,headers arranged'along the upper faces of the superheater block. The steam passes through the limbs or coils of the superheater to headers arranged along the lower faces of the block .from which latter headers the superheated steam is drawn off. The steam is preferably admitted at the upper edge of the block and drawn off at the lower edge. The headers can not be seen in Fig. 1 ut are visible in Fig. 2.

Figs. 3 and 4 show the superheater block Fig. 4 has been headers and 2, 3 the lower headers. The admission port for the; saturated steam is shown at 4 (shown-also in Fig.2 and the discharge port for the superheate steam at 5. The fourh'eaders" are shown as one castin g but can be otherwise constructed. Limbs or coils 6, 6 extend from the upper header 3/ to the lower header 2; and similar limbs are disconnected, and the plate 6 is removed. and the bolts connecting the flanges 2 and 3 are withdrawn. A suitable sling is now fastened around the heater, with block and tackle conveniently mounted overhead.

is supported at the v by bolts, which pass By operating the tackle, the superheater may be withdrawnlongitudinallyfrom the casing. During the time the superheater is being withdrawn, and'to hold same in a horizontal position, a lever may be fitted in the outlet opening or elsewhere.

If a higher superheat is required than is given by the superheater above described, the latter may be employed as a primary superheater, and an additional pair of superheaters may be installed to further superheat the steam. These auxiliary or sec; ondary superheaters are indicated by dotted lines at 'u, and 'v in Fig. 1. They are placed in the triangular spaces between the intersecting banks and the non-intersecting banks "of water tubes, and connected up in parallel with each other and in series with, and receiving the steam from, the main or primary superheater.

Having thus described'my invention, what I claim as'new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is- 1. In a "water-tube steam generator the combination with a casing, a firegrate, and four drums with horizontal axes arranged in quadrilateral fashion, two at the sides of the firegrate and the other two above these two, of four banks of tubes which connect each lower drum with each upper drum, two of said banks thus intersecting, a superheater consisting of a block of limbs located in the angular space immediately above the intersection of the said intersecting banks of tubes, saidsuperheater block being capable of bein generator, ampers, and'means for causing said dampers 'to cover or uncover the faces of the said superheater block.

2. In a water-tube steam generator the combination with a casing, a firegrate, and four drums with horizontal axes arranged in quadrilateral fashion, two at the sides of the firegrate and the other two above these two, of four banks of tubes which connect each lower drum with each upper drum, two-of said banks thus intersecting, a superheater consisting of a block of limbs located in the angular space immediately above the intersection of the said intersecting banks of tubes, dampers, and means for causing said dampers to cover or uncover the faces of the said superheater block.

3. In a water-tube steam generator the combination with a casing, a firegrate, and four drums with horizontal axes arranged in quadrilateral fashion, two at the sides of the firegrate and the other two above these two,

of four banks of tubes which connect each lower drum with each upper drum, two of said banks thus lntersecting, a superheater consisting of a block of limbs, the block being of prismatic form with horizontal axis and having four faces parallel to its axis,

and the two lower of these faces being in 130 withdrawn laterally from the' close proximity to the upper members of the intersecting banks of generator tubes, said superheater block being capable of being withdrawn laterally from the generator, four dampers, and means for causing said dampers to cover or uncover the said superheater block.

4. In a water-tube steam generator the combination with a casing, a firegrate, and four drums with horizontal axes arranged in quadrilateral fashion, two at the sides of the firegrate and the other two above these two, of four banks of tubes which connect each lower drum with each upper drum, two of said banks thus intersecting, a superheater consisting of a block of limbs, the block being of prismatic form with horizontal axis and having four faces parallel to its axis, and the two lower of these faces being in close proximity to the upper members of the intersecting banks of generator tubes, four dampers, and means for causing said dampers to cover or uncover the said superheater block.

5. In a water-tube steam generator the combination with a casing, a firegrate, and four drums with horizontal axes arranged in quadrilateral fashion, two at the sides of the firegrate and the other two above these two, of four banks of tubes which connect each lower drum with each upper drum, two of said banks thus intersecting, a superheater consisting of a. block of limbs, the

block being of prismatic form with horizontal axis and having four faces parallel to its axis, and the two lower of these faces being in close proximity to the upper members of the intersecting banks of generator tubes, said superheater block being capable of being withdrawn laterally from the generator,

an upper pair of dampers adapted to cover respectively the two upper faces of the superheater block, means for swinging these dampers, butterfly-wing fashion, about their contiguous sides above the center of the superheaterblock, a lower pair of dampers adapted to cover respectively the two lower faces of the superheater block, and means for sliding these latter dampers along the upper surfaces of the intersecting banks of generator tubes.

6. In a -water-tube steam generator the combination with a casing, a firegrate, and four drums with horizontal axes arranged in quadrilateral fashion, two at the sides of the firegrate and the other two above these two, of four banks of tubes which connect each lower drum with'each upper drum, two of said banks thus intersecting, a superheater consisting of a block of limbs, the block being of prismatic form with horizontal axis and having four faces parallel to its axis, and the two lower of these faces being in close proximity to the upper members of the intersecting banks of generator tubes, an upper pair of dampers adapted to cover respectively the two upper faces of the superheater block, means for swinging these dampers, butterfly-wing fashion, about their contiguous sides above the center of the superheater block, a lower pair of dampers adapted to cover respectively the two lower faces of the superheater block, and means for slidin these latter dampers along the upper sur aces of the intersecting banks of generator tubes.

7. In a water-tube steam generator the combination with a casing, a firegrate, and four drums with horizontal axes arranged in quadrilateral fashion, two at the sides of the firegrate and the other two above these two, of four banks of tubes which connect each lower drum with each upper drum, two of said banks thus intersecting, a superheater consisting of a block of limbs, the block being of prismatic form with horizontal axis and having four faces parallel to its axis, and the two lower of these faces being in close proximity to the upper members of the intersecting banks of generator tubes, saturated-steam admission headers arranged along the two upper faces of the superheater block, superheated-steam discharge headers arranged along the two lower faces of the said block, the superheater limbs being connected each at one end to the said admission headers and at the other end to the said discharge headers, four dampers, and means for causing said dampers to cover or uncover the said superheater block.

8. In a water-tube steam generator the combination with a casing, a firegrate, and four drums with horizontal axes arranged in quadrilateral fashion, two at the sides of the firegrate and the other two above these two, of four banks of tubes which connect each lower drum with each upper drum, two of said banks thus intersecting, a superheater consisting of a block of limbs located in the angular space immediately above the intersection of the said intersecting banks of tubes, a pair of auxiliary superheaters placed respectively in the triangular spaces between the intersecting and the non-intersecting banks of generator tubes, pipe, connections whereby the steam can first be passed through the first mentioned superheater and then divided and passed the fire-grate and the other two above these two, of four banks of tubes which connect each lower drum with each upper drum,

two of said banks thus intersecting, a superbeing in heater consisting of a block of limbs, the

block being of prismatic form with horizontal axis and having four faces parallel to its axis, and the two lower of'thesc faces close proximity to the upper members of the intersecting banks of generator tubes, a pair of auxiliary superheaters placed respectively in the triangular spaces between the intersecting and thenon-inter- ]0 secting banks of generator tubes, pipe connections whereby the steam can first be passed through the first mentioned superheater and then divided and passed in parallel through the twoauxiliary superheaters, four dampers, and means for causing said dampers to cover or uncover the said superheater bl0ck.'

I hereby sign my name "to this specification.

JAMES DORNAN. 

